[FIX] qweb: do not allow rendering inline template

During the merge of qweb/ir.qweb at commit 9ce5bc8881,
the behavior of qweb was preserved instead of the one from ir.qweb.
Rendering inline templates should not be allowed as it is not needed and
include security risks.

Also, minimizing the number of possible types for template arguments
simplifies the API. An error message allows the developer to know how to
adapt his code.

closes odoo/odoo#86404

X-original-commit: 31f3152a1328ec8e2dd28f15433a2cc3ccc80f81
Signed-off-by: Olivier Dony <odo@odoo.com>

odoo/addons/base/models/ir_qweb.py

@@ -636,22 +636,21 @@ class IrQWeb(models.AbstractModel):
         string document that contains ``element``, and ``ref`` if the uniq
         reference of the template (id, t-name or template).
 
-        :param template: template identifier, name or etree
+        :param template: template identifier or etree
         :param options: used to compile the template (the dict available for
             the rendering is frozen)
             ``load`` (function) overrides the load method
         """
+        assert template not in (False, None, ""), "template is required"
+
         # template is an xml etree already
         if isinstance(template, etree._Element):
             element = template
             document = etree.tostring(template, encoding='unicode')
             ref = None
-
         # template is xml as string
-        elif isinstance(template, str) and template.startswith('<'):
-            element = etree.fromstring(template)
-            document = template
-            ref = None
+        elif isinstance(template, str) and '<' in template:
+            raise ValueError('Inline templates must be passed as `etree` documents')
 
         # template is (id or ref) to a database stored template
         else:

odoo/addons/base/tests/test_qweb.py

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ from odoo.tests.common import TransactionCase
 from odoo.addons.base.models.ir_qweb import QWebException, render
 from odoo.tools import misc, mute_logger
 from odoo.tools.json import scriptsafe as json_scriptsafe
+from odoo.exceptions import MissingError
 
 unsafe_eval = eval
 
@@ -1240,6 +1241,51 @@ class TestQWebBasic(TransactionCase):
             self.assertIn('Can not compile expression', error)
             self.assertIn('<div t-esc="abc + def + ("/>', error)
 
+    def test_error_message_3(self):
+        # The format error tells the developer what to do.
+        template = '''<section>
+                    <div t-esc="1+2">
+                        <span>content</span>
+                    </div>
+                </section>'''
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            self.env['ir.qweb']._render(template)
+        try:
+            self.env['ir.qweb']._render(template)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            self.assertIn('Inline templates must be passed as `etree` documents', str(e))
+
+        template = '''toto <t t-esc="content"/>'''
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            self.env['ir.qweb']._render(template)
+        try:
+            self.env['ir.qweb']._render(template)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            self.assertIn('Inline templates must be passed as `etree` documents', str(e))
+
+    def test_error_message_4(self):
+        # Template record view not found.
+        with self.assertRaises(MissingError):
+            self.env['ir.qweb']._render(-999)
+        try:
+            self.env['ir.qweb']._render(-999)
+        except MissingError as e:
+            self.assertIn('Record does not exist or has been deleted.', str(e))
+
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            self.env['ir.qweb']._render('not.wrong_template_xmlid')
+        try:
+            self.env['ir.qweb']._render('not.wrong_template_xmlid')
+        except ValueError as e:
+            self.assertIn('External ID not found in the system', str(e))
+
+        with self.assertRaises(AssertionError):
+            self.env['ir.qweb']._render(False)
+        try:
+            self.env['ir.qweb']._render(False)
+        except AssertionError as e:
+            self.assertIn('template is required', str(e))
+
     def test_call_set(self):
         view0 = self.env['ir.ui.view'].create({
             'name': "dummy",