diff --git a/addons/account/controllers/onboarding.py b/addons/account/controllers/onboarding.py
index 34e30570563..3c0afa38c3a 100644
--- a/addons/account/controllers/onboarding.py
+++ b/addons/account/controllers/onboarding.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class OnboardingController(http.Controller):
             return {}
 
         return {
-            'html': request.env.ref('account.account_invoice_onboarding_panel').render({
+            'html': request.env.ref('account.account_invoice_onboarding_panel')._render({
                 'company': company,
                 'state': company.get_and_update_account_invoice_onboarding_state()
             })
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class OnboardingController(http.Controller):
             return {}
 
         return {
-            'html': request.env.ref('account.account_dashboard_onboarding_panel').render({
+            'html': request.env.ref('account.account_dashboard_onboarding_panel')._render({
                 'company': company,
                 'state': company.get_and_update_account_dashboard_onboarding_state()
             })
diff --git a/addons/account/models/account_bank_statement.py b/addons/account/models/account_bank_statement.py
index 6a9035ba299..461b40b33e8 100644
--- a/addons/account/models/account_bank_statement.py
+++ b/addons/account/models/account_bank_statement.py
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ class AccountBankStatement(models.Model):
 
             # Bank statement report.
             if statement.journal_id.type == 'bank':
-                content, content_type = self.env.ref('account.action_report_account_statement').render(statement.id)
+                content, content_type = self.env.ref('account.action_report_account_statement')._render(statement.id)
                 self.env['ir.attachment'].create({
                     'name': statement.name and _("Bank Statement %s.pdf") % statement.name or _("Bank Statement.pdf"),
                     'type': 'binary',
diff --git a/addons/account_facturx/models/account_move.py b/addons/account_facturx/models/account_move.py
index c0571cf0c86..abab584a0b9 100644
--- a/addons/account_facturx/models/account_move.py
+++ b/addons/account_facturx/models/account_move.py
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class AccountMove(models.Model):
             'format_date': format_date,
             'format_monetary': format_monetary,
         }
-        content = self.env.ref('account_facturx.account_invoice_facturx_export').render(template_values)
+        content = self.env.ref('account_facturx.account_invoice_facturx_export')._render(template_values)
         return b"<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>" + content
 
     def _import_facturx_invoice(self, tree):
diff --git a/addons/calendar/controllers/main.py b/addons/calendar/controllers/main.py
index e3f43f87bd0..f341483fed6 100644
--- a/addons/calendar/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/calendar/controllers/main.py
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class CalendarController(http.Controller):
         # - we need a template rendering which is not lazy, to render before cursor closing
         # - we need to display the template in the language of the user (not possible with
         #   request.render())
-        response_content = request.env['ir.ui.view'].with_context(lang=lang).render_template(
+        response_content = request.env['ir.ui.view'].with_context(lang=lang)._render_template(
             'calendar.invitation_page_anonymous', {
                 'event': event,
                 'attendee': attendee,
diff --git a/addons/event_sale/models/event_registration.py b/addons/event_sale/models/event_registration.py
index e245a59cbea..f1995af17d7 100644
--- a/addons/event_sale/models/event_registration.py
+++ b/addons/event_sale/models/event_registration.py
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ class EventRegistration(models.Model):
                 'new_ticket_name': new_event_ticket.name
             }
             user_id = registration.event_id.user_id.id or registration.sale_order_id.user_id.id or fallback_user_id
-            registration.sale_order_id.activity_schedule_with_view(
+            registration.sale_order_id._activity_schedule_with_view(
                 'mail.mail_activity_data_warning',
                 user_id=user_id,
                 views_or_xmlid='event_sale.event_ticket_id_change_exception',
diff --git a/addons/hr/tests/test_multi_company.py b/addons/hr/tests/test_multi_company.py
index bb07225749e..10f9c4f8173 100644
--- a/addons/hr/tests/test_multi_company.py
+++ b/addons/hr/tests/test_multi_company.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class TestMultiCompany(TestHrCommon):
     def test_multi_company_report(self):
         content, content_type = self.env.ref('hr.hr_employee_print_badge').with_user(self.res_users_hr_officer).with_context(
             allowed_company_ids=[self.company_1.id, self.company_2.id]
-        ).render_qweb_pdf(res_ids=self.employees.ids)
+        )._render_qweb_pdf(res_ids=self.employees.ids)
         self.assertIn(b'Bidule', content)
         self.assertIn(b'Machin', content)
 
@@ -33,4 +33,4 @@ class TestMultiCompany(TestHrCommon):
         with self.assertRaises(QWebException):  # CacheMiss followed by AccessError
             content, content_type = self.env.ref('hr.hr_employee_print_badge').with_user(self.res_users_hr_officer).with_company(
                 self.company_1
-            ).render_qweb_pdf(res_ids=self.employees.ids)
+            )._render_qweb_pdf(res_ids=self.employees.ids)
diff --git a/addons/hr_expense/models/hr_expense.py b/addons/hr_expense/models/hr_expense.py
index 01ce03fe56b..51888cee2b3 100644
--- a/addons/hr_expense/models/hr_expense.py
+++ b/addons/hr_expense/models/hr_expense.py
@@ -665,7 +665,7 @@ class HrExpense(models.Model):
     def _send_expense_success_mail(self, msg_dict, expense):
         mail_template_id = 'hr_expense.hr_expense_template_register' if expense.employee_id.user_id else 'hr_expense.hr_expense_template_register_no_user'
         expense_template = self.env.ref(mail_template_id)
-        rendered_body = expense_template.render({'expense': expense}, engine='ir.qweb')
+        rendered_body = expense_template._render({'expense': expense}, engine='ir.qweb')
         body = self.env['mail.render.mixin']._replace_local_links(rendered_body)
         # TDE TODO: seems louche, check to use notify
         if expense.employee_id.user_id.partner_id:
diff --git a/addons/http_routing/models/ir_http.py b/addons/http_routing/models/ir_http.py
index 7200c6153a8..9bd74a0a37d 100644
--- a/addons/http_routing/models/ir_http.py
+++ b/addons/http_routing/models/ir_http.py
@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ class IrHttp(models.AbstractModel):
 
     @classmethod
     def _get_error_html(cls, env, code, values):
-        return code, env['ir.ui.view'].render_template('http_routing.%s' % code, values)
+        return code, env['ir.ui.view']._render_template('http_routing.%s' % code, values)
 
     @classmethod
     def _handle_exception(cls, exception):
@@ -658,6 +658,6 @@ class IrHttp(models.AbstractModel):
             try:
                 code, html = cls._get_error_html(env, code, values)
             except Exception:
-                code, html = 418, env['ir.ui.view'].render_template('http_routing.http_error', values)
+                code, html = 418, env['ir.ui.view']._render_template('http_routing.http_error', values)
 
         return werkzeug.wrappers.Response(html, status=code, content_type='text/html;charset=utf-8')
diff --git a/addons/iap/models/iap.py b/addons/iap/models/iap.py
index 4dfd08b88c0..34911b8a42b 100644
--- a/addons/iap/models/iap.py
+++ b/addons/iap/models/iap.py
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def authorize(env, key, account_token, credit, dbuuid=False, description=None, c
     except InsufficientCreditError as e:
         if credit_template:
             arguments = json.loads(e.args[0])
-            arguments['body'] = pycompat.to_text(env['ir.qweb'].render(credit_template))
+            arguments['body'] = pycompat.to_text(env['ir.qweb']._render(credit_template))
             e.args = (json.dumps(arguments),)
         raise e
     return transaction_token
diff --git a/addons/im_livechat/models/im_livechat_channel.py b/addons/im_livechat/models/im_livechat_channel.py
index 3bfcc6f0836..41031fbd118 100644
--- a/addons/im_livechat/models/im_livechat_channel.py
+++ b/addons/im_livechat/models/im_livechat_channel.py
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class ImLivechatChannel(models.Model):
         }
         for record in self:
             values["channel_id"] = record.id
-            record.script_external = view.render(values)
+            record.script_external = view._render(values)
 
     def _compute_web_page_link(self):
         base_url = self.env['ir.config_parameter'].sudo().get_param('web.base.url')
diff --git a/addons/im_livechat/models/mail_channel.py b/addons/im_livechat/models/mail_channel.py
index 38ee150bb00..dae1d70cb81 100644
--- a/addons/im_livechat/models/mail_channel.py
+++ b/addons/im_livechat/models/mail_channel.py
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ class MailChannel(models.Model):
             "channel": self,
         }
         template = self.env.ref('im_livechat.livechat_email_template')
-        mail_body = template.render(render_context, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
+        mail_body = template._render(render_context, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
         mail_body = self.env['mail.render.mixin']._replace_local_links(mail_body)
         mail = self.env['mail.mail'].sudo().create({
             'subject': _('Conversation with %s') % self.livechat_operator_id.name,
diff --git a/addons/l10n_ch/models/mail_template.py b/addons/l10n_ch/models/mail_template.py
index 2231b42a2e6..2fdeaed12da 100644
--- a/addons/l10n_ch/models/mail_template.py
+++ b/addons/l10n_ch/models/mail_template.py
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ class MailTemplate(models.Model):
                     isr_report_name = 'ISR-' + inv_print_name + '.pdf'
                     qr_report_name = 'QR-bill-' + inv_print_name + '.pdf'
 
-                    isr_pdf = self.env.ref('l10n_ch.l10n_ch_isr_report').render_qweb_pdf(record.ids)[0]
+                    isr_pdf = self.env.ref('l10n_ch.l10n_ch_isr_report')._render_qweb_pdf(record.ids)[0]
                     isr_pdf = base64.b64encode(isr_pdf)
 
-                    qr_pdf = self.env.ref('l10n_ch.l10n_ch_qr_report').render_qweb_pdf(record.ids)[0]
+                    qr_pdf = self.env.ref('l10n_ch.l10n_ch_qr_report')._render_qweb_pdf(record.ids)[0]
                     qr_pdf = base64.b64encode(qr_pdf)
 
                     new_attachments = [(isr_report_name, isr_pdf), (qr_report_name, qr_pdf)]
diff --git a/addons/l10n_it_edi/models/account_invoice.py b/addons/l10n_it_edi/models/account_invoice.py
index af0a5698c83..c511de477d8 100644
--- a/addons/l10n_it_edi/models/account_invoice.py
+++ b/addons/l10n_it_edi/models/account_invoice.py
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ class AccountMove(models.Model):
         else:
             document_type = 'TD0X'
 
-        pdf = self.env.ref('account.account_invoices').render_qweb_pdf(self.id)[0]
+        pdf = self.env.ref('account.account_invoices')._render_qweb_pdf(self.id)[0]
         pdf = base64.b64encode(pdf)
         pdf_name = re.sub(r'\W+', '', self.name) + '.pdf'
 
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ class AccountMove(models.Model):
             'pdf': pdf,
             'pdf_name': pdf_name,
         }
-        content = self.env.ref('l10n_it_edi.account_invoice_it_FatturaPA_export').render(template_values)
+        content = self.env.ref('l10n_it_edi.account_invoice_it_FatturaPA_export')._render(template_values)
         return content
 
     def send_pec_mail(self):
diff --git a/addons/lunch/controllers/main.py b/addons/lunch/controllers/main.py
index 5dc9b509bf1..305c80afe2b 100644
--- a/addons/lunch/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/lunch/controllers/main.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class LunchController(http.Controller):
 
     @http.route('/lunch/payment_message', type='json', auth='user')
     def payment_message(self):
-        return {'message': request.env['ir.qweb'].render('lunch.lunch_payment_dialog', {})}
+        return {'message': request.env['ir.qweb']._render('lunch.lunch_payment_dialog', {})}
 
     @http.route('/lunch/user_location_set', type='json', auth='user')
     def set_user_location(self, location_id=None, user_id=None):
diff --git a/addons/mail/models/mail_activity.py b/addons/mail/models/mail_activity.py
index 827dcc5e33e..0822c3adb06 100644
--- a/addons/mail/models/mail_activity.py
+++ b/addons/mail/models/mail_activity.py
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ class MailActivity(models.Model):
                 body_template = body_template.with_context(lang=activity.user_id.lang)
                 activity = activity.with_context(lang=activity.user_id.lang)
             model_description = self.env['ir.model']._get(activity.res_model).display_name
-            body = body_template.render(
+            body = body_template._render(
                 dict(
                     activity=activity,
                     model_description=model_description,
@@ -798,7 +798,7 @@ class MailActivityMixin(models.AbstractModel):
             activities |= self.env['mail.activity'].create(create_vals)
         return activities
 
-    def activity_schedule_with_view(self, act_type_xmlid='', date_deadline=None, summary='', views_or_xmlid='', render_context=None, **act_values):
+    def _activity_schedule_with_view(self, act_type_xmlid='', date_deadline=None, summary='', views_or_xmlid='', render_context=None, **act_values):
         """ Helper method: Schedule an activity on each record of the current record set.
         This method allow to the same mecanism as `activity_schedule`, but provide
         2 additionnal parameters:
@@ -821,7 +821,7 @@ class MailActivityMixin(models.AbstractModel):
         activities = self.env['mail.activity']
         for record in self:
             render_context['object'] = record
-            note = views.render(render_context, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
+            note = views._render(render_context, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
             activities |= record.activity_schedule(act_type_xmlid=act_type_xmlid, date_deadline=date_deadline, summary=summary, note=note, **act_values)
         return activities
 
diff --git a/addons/mail/models/mail_alias.py b/addons/mail/models/mail_alias.py
index e66cf303b98..22ef164966c 100644
--- a/addons/mail/models/mail_alias.py
+++ b/addons/mail/models/mail_alias.py
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ Only allowed people can contact us at this address.""" % message_dict.get('to'))
         else:
             body = self._get_alias_bounced_body_fallback(message_dict)
         template = self.env.ref('mail.mail_bounce_alias_security', raise_if_not_found=True)
-        return template.render({
+        return template._render({
             'body': body,
             'message': message_dict
         }, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
diff --git a/addons/mail/models/mail_channel.py b/addons/mail/models/mail_channel.py
index 590a598e727..5d9d988d9dc 100644
--- a/addons/mail/models/mail_channel.py
+++ b/addons/mail/models/mail_channel.py
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ class Channel(models.Model):
             create_values = {
                 'email_from': company.catchall_formatted or company.email_formatted,
                 'author_id': self.env.user.partner_id.id,
-                'body_html': view.render({'channel': self, 'partner': partner}, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True),
+                'body_html': view._render({'channel': self, 'partner': partner}, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True),
                 'subject': _("Guidelines of channel %s") % self.name,
                 'recipient_ids': [(4, partner.id)]
             }
diff --git a/addons/mail/models/mail_message.py b/addons/mail/models/mail_message.py
index bddbcb91b98..733ff7d7f4c 100644
--- a/addons/mail/models/mail_message.py
+++ b/addons/mail/models/mail_message.py
@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@ class Message(models.Model):
             MailThread.message_notify(
                 partner_ids=moderator.partner_id.ids,
                 subject=_('Message are pending moderation'),  # tocheck: target language
-                body=template.render({'record': moderator.partner_id}, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True),
+                body=template._render({'record': moderator.partner_id}, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True),
                 email_from=moderator.company_id.catchall_formatted or moderator.company_id.email_formatted,
             )
 
diff --git a/addons/mail/models/mail_template.py b/addons/mail/models/mail_template.py
index c4d590e2729..f8f90aea5fd 100644
--- a/addons/mail/models/mail_template.py
+++ b/addons/mail/models/mail_template.py
@@ -196,9 +196,9 @@ class MailTemplate(models.Model):
                     report_service = report.report_name
 
                     if report.report_type in ['qweb-html', 'qweb-pdf']:
-                        result, format = report.render_qweb_pdf([res_id])
+                        result, format = report._render_qweb_pdf([res_id])
                     else:
-                        res = report.render([res_id])
+                        res = report._render([res_id])
                         if not res:
                             raise UserError(_('Unsupported report type %s found.') % report.report_type)
                         result, format = res
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ class MailTemplate(models.Model):
                     'company': 'company_id' in record and record['company_id'] or self.env.company,
                     'record': record,
                 }
-                body = template.render(template_ctx, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
+                body = template._render(template_ctx, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
                 values['body_html'] = self.env['mail.render.mixin']._replace_local_links(body)
         mail = self.env['mail.mail'].sudo().create(values)
 
diff --git a/addons/mail/models/mail_thread.py b/addons/mail/models/mail_thread.py
index 77623b08ff7..349396ee0a4 100644
--- a/addons/mail/models/mail_thread.py
+++ b/addons/mail/models/mail_thread.py
@@ -1015,7 +1015,7 @@ class MailThread(models.AbstractModel):
             # check it does not directly contact catchall
             if catchall_alias and all(email_localpart == catchall_alias for email_localpart in email_to_localparts):
                 _logger.info('Routing mail from %s to %s with Message-Id %s: direct write to catchall, bounce', email_from, email_to, message_id)
-                body = self.env.ref('mail.mail_bounce_catchall').render({
+                body = self.env.ref('mail.mail_bounce_catchall')._render({
                     'message': message,
                 }, engine='ir.qweb')
                 self._routing_create_bounce_email(email_from, body, message, references=message_id, reply_to=self.env.company.email)
@@ -1968,7 +1968,7 @@ class MailThread(models.AbstractModel):
             return
         for record in self:
             values['object'] = record
-            rendered_template = views.render(values, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
+            rendered_template = views._render(values, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
             kwargs['body'] = rendered_template
             record.message_post_with_template(False, **kwargs)
 
@@ -2294,7 +2294,7 @@ class MailThread(models.AbstractModel):
             # {actions, button_access, has_button_access, recipients}
 
             if base_template:
-                mail_body = base_template.render(render_values, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
+                mail_body = base_template._render(render_values, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
             else:
                 mail_body = message.body
             mail_body = self.env['mail.render.mixin']._replace_local_links(mail_body)
@@ -2886,7 +2886,7 @@ class MailThread(models.AbstractModel):
                 'model_description': model_description,
                 'access_link': self._notify_get_action_link('view'),
             }
-            assignation_msg = view.render(values, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
+            assignation_msg = view._render(values, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
             assignation_msg = self.env['mail.render.mixin']._replace_local_links(assignation_msg)
             record.message_notify(
                 subject=_('You have been assigned to %s') % record.display_name,
diff --git a/addons/mass_mailing/wizard/mail_compose_message.py b/addons/mass_mailing/wizard/mail_compose_message.py
index db5818c02e0..726410ef6af 100644
--- a/addons/mass_mailing/wizard/mail_compose_message.py
+++ b/addons/mass_mailing/wizard/mail_compose_message.py
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class MailComposeMessage(models.TransientModel):
                     'email': mail_to,
                 }
                 if mail_values.get('body_html') and mass_mail_layout:
-                    mail_values['body_html'] = mass_mail_layout.render({'body': mail_values['body_html']}, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
+                    mail_values['body_html'] = mass_mail_layout._render({'body': mail_values['body_html']}, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
                 # propagate ignored state to trace when still-born
                 if mail_values.get('state') == 'cancel':
                     trace_vals['ignored'] = fields.Datetime.now()
diff --git a/addons/mass_mailing/wizard/mailing_mailing_test.py b/addons/mass_mailing/wizard/mailing_mailing_test.py
index 45de0d88019..8dbeff90089 100644
--- a/addons/mass_mailing/wizard/mailing_mailing_test.py
+++ b/addons/mass_mailing/wizard/mailing_mailing_test.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class TestMassMailing(models.TransientModel):
                 'reply_to': mailing.reply_to,
                 'email_to': test_mail,
                 'subject': mailing.subject,
-                'body_html': mass_mail_layout.render({'body': body}, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True),
+                'body_html': mass_mail_layout._render({'body': body}, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True),
                 'notification': True,
                 'mailing_id': mailing.id,
                 'attachment_ids': [(4, attachment.id) for attachment in mailing.attachment_ids],
diff --git a/addons/mrp/models/mrp_production.py b/addons/mrp/models/mrp_production.py
index b87c8716737..f6529bff906 100644
--- a/addons/mrp/models/mrp_production.py
+++ b/addons/mrp/models/mrp_production.py
@@ -1190,7 +1190,7 @@ class MrpProduction(models.Model):
                 'impacted_pickings': False,
                 'cancel': cancel
             }
-            return self.env.ref('mrp.exception_on_mo').render(values=values)
+            return self.env.ref('mrp.exception_on_mo')._render(values=values)
 
         documents = self.env['stock.picking']._log_activity_get_documents(moves_modification, 'move_dest_ids', 'DOWN', _keys_in_sorted, _keys_in_groupby)
         documents = self.env['stock.picking']._less_quantities_than_expected_add_documents(moves_modification, documents)
@@ -1216,7 +1216,7 @@ class MrpProduction(models.Model):
                 'impacted_object': impacted_object,
                 'cancel': cancel
             }
-            return self.env.ref('mrp.exception_on_mo').render(values=values)
+            return self.env.ref('mrp.exception_on_mo')._render(values=values)
 
         self.env['stock.picking']._log_activity(_render_note_exception_quantity_mo, documents)
 
diff --git a/addons/mrp/report/mrp_report_bom_structure.py b/addons/mrp/report/mrp_report_bom_structure.py
index 8a743e94dc0..05c3bafbd3d 100644
--- a/addons/mrp/report/mrp_report_bom_structure.py
+++ b/addons/mrp/report/mrp_report_bom_structure.py
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ class ReportBomStructure(models.AbstractModel):
         res['lines']['report_type'] = 'html'
         res['lines']['report_structure'] = 'all'
         res['lines']['has_attachments'] = res['lines']['attachments'] or any(component['attachments'] for component in res['lines']['components'])
-        res['lines'] = self.env.ref('mrp.report_mrp_bom').render({'data': res['lines']})
+        res['lines'] = self.env.ref('mrp.report_mrp_bom')._render({'data': res['lines']})
         return res
 
     @api.model
     def get_bom(self, bom_id=False, product_id=False, line_qty=False, line_id=False, level=False):
         lines = self._get_bom(bom_id=bom_id, product_id=product_id, line_qty=line_qty, line_id=line_id, level=level)
-        return self.env.ref('mrp.report_mrp_bom_line').render({'data': lines})
+        return self.env.ref('mrp.report_mrp_bom_line')._render({'data': lines})
 
     @api.model
     def get_operations(self, bom_id=False, qty=0, level=0):
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ class ReportBomStructure(models.AbstractModel):
             'currency': self.env.company.currency_id,
             'operations': lines,
         }
-        return self.env.ref('mrp.report_mrp_operation_line').render({'data': values})
+        return self.env.ref('mrp.report_mrp_operation_line')._render({'data': values})
 
     @api.model
     def _get_report_data(self, bom_id, searchQty=0, searchVariant=False):
diff --git a/addons/payment/models/payment_acquirer.py b/addons/payment/models/payment_acquirer.py
index a2333b414e2..c529688356f 100644
--- a/addons/payment/models/payment_acquirer.py
+++ b/addons/payment/models/payment_acquirer.py
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ class PaymentAcquirer(models.Model):
         })
 
         _logger.info('payment.acquirer.render: <%s> values rendered for form payment:\n%s', self.provider, pprint.pformat(values))
-        return self.view_template_id.render(values, engine='ir.qweb')
+        return self.view_template_id._render(values, engine='ir.qweb')
 
     def get_s2s_form_xml_id(self):
         if self.registration_view_template_id:
diff --git a/addons/payment_paypal/models/payment.py b/addons/payment_paypal/models/payment.py
index d947c3a8c92..b0834681707 100644
--- a/addons/payment_paypal/models/payment.py
+++ b/addons/payment_paypal/models/payment.py
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ class TxPaypal(models.Model):
         if not self.acquirer_id.paypal_pdt_token and not self.acquirer_id.paypal_seller_account and status in ['Completed', 'Processed', 'Pending']:
             template = self.env.ref('payment_paypal.mail_template_paypal_invite_user_to_configure', False)
             if template:
-                render_template = template.render({
+                render_template = template._render({
                     'acquirer': self.acquirer_id,
                 }, engine='ir.qweb')
                 mail_body = self.env['mail.render.mixin']._replace_local_links(render_template)
diff --git a/addons/point_of_sale/controllers/main.py b/addons/point_of_sale/controllers/main.py
index 34788618ea8..afb44c4ba9c 100644
--- a/addons/point_of_sale/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/point_of_sale/controllers/main.py
@@ -61,6 +61,6 @@ class PosController(http.Controller):
     @http.route('/pos/sale_details_report', type='http', auth='user')
     def print_sale_details(self, date_start=False, date_stop=False, **kw):
         r = request.env['report.point_of_sale.report_saledetails']
-        pdf, _ = request.env.ref('point_of_sale.sale_details_report').with_context(date_start=date_start, date_stop=date_stop).render_qweb_pdf(r)
+        pdf, _ = request.env.ref('point_of_sale.sale_details_report').with_context(date_start=date_start, date_stop=date_stop)._render_qweb_pdf(r)
         pdfhttpheaders = [('Content-Type', 'application/pdf'), ('Content-Length', len(pdf))]
         return request.make_response(pdf, headers=pdfhttpheaders)
diff --git a/addons/point_of_sale/models/pos_config.py b/addons/point_of_sale/models/pos_config.py
index 3dca7adf993..b882ef5ff4c 100644
--- a/addons/point_of_sale/models/pos_config.py
+++ b/addons/point_of_sale/models/pos_config.py
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ class PosConfig(models.Model):
 
     def _compute_customer_html(self):
         for config in self:
-            config.customer_facing_display_html = self.env['ir.qweb'].render('point_of_sale.customer_facing_display_html')
+            config.customer_facing_display_html = self.env['ir.qweb']._render('point_of_sale.customer_facing_display_html')
 
     name = fields.Char(string='Point of Sale', index=True, required=True, help="An internal identification of the point of sale.")
     is_installed_account_accountant = fields.Boolean(string="Is the Full Accounting Installed",
diff --git a/addons/point_of_sale/models/pos_order.py b/addons/point_of_sale/models/pos_order.py
index 736a8eb72d1..085ba223a04 100644
--- a/addons/point_of_sale/models/pos_order.py
+++ b/addons/point_of_sale/models/pos_order.py
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ class PosOrder(models.Model):
         }
 
         if self.mapped('account_move'):
-            report = self.env.ref('point_of_sale.pos_invoice_report').render_qweb_pdf(self.ids[0])
+            report = self.env.ref('point_of_sale.pos_invoice_report')._render_qweb_pdf(self.ids[0])
             filename = name + '.pdf'
             attachment = self.env['ir.attachment'].create({
                 'name': filename,
diff --git a/addons/portal/controllers/portal.py b/addons/portal/controllers/portal.py
index 74137213769..6bec53e7f74 100644
--- a/addons/portal/controllers/portal.py
+++ b/addons/portal/controllers/portal.py
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ class CustomerPortal(Controller):
         if not isinstance(report_sudo, type(request.env['ir.actions.report'])):
             raise UserError(_("%s is not the reference of a report") % report_ref)
 
-        method_name = 'render_qweb_%s' % (report_type)
+        method_name = '_render_qweb_%s' % (report_type)
         report = getattr(report_sudo, method_name)([model.id], data={'report_type': report_type})[0]
         reporthttpheaders = [
             ('Content-Type', 'application/pdf' if report_type == 'pdf' else 'text/html'),
diff --git a/addons/pos_mercury/models/pos_mercury_transaction.py b/addons/pos_mercury/models/pos_mercury_transaction.py
index 48ff5e18560..bb538285ecb 100644
--- a/addons/pos_mercury/models/pos_mercury_transaction.py
+++ b/addons/pos_mercury/models/pos_mercury_transaction.py
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class MercuryTransaction(models.Model):
         data['memo'] = "Odoo " + service.common.exp_version()['server_version']
 
     def _do_request(self, template, data):
-        xml_transaction = self.env.ref(template).render(data).decode()
+        xml_transaction = self.env.ref(template)._render(data).decode()
 
         if not data['merchant_id'] or not data['merchant_pwd']:
             return "not setup"
diff --git a/addons/product/report/product_pricelist_report.py b/addons/product/report/product_pricelist_report.py
index 41a9a15eb2c..9a0e1ba7148 100644
--- a/addons/product/report/product_pricelist_report.py
+++ b/addons/product/report/product_pricelist_report.py
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class report_product_pricelist(models.AbstractModel):
             self.env.context.get('pricelist_id'),
             self.env.context.get('quantities') or [1]
         )
-        return self.env.ref('product.report_pricelist_page').render(render_values)
+        return self.env.ref('product.report_pricelist_page')._render(render_values)
 
     def _get_report_data(self, active_model, active_ids, pricelist_id, quantities, report_type='html'):
         products = []
diff --git a/addons/purchase_stock/models/purchase.py b/addons/purchase_stock/models/purchase.py
index 4e1723fa8a7..2651107d036 100644
--- a/addons/purchase_stock/models/purchase.py
+++ b/addons/purchase_stock/models/purchase.py
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ class PurchaseOrder(models.Model):
                 'order_exceptions': order_exceptions.values(),
                 'impacted_pickings': impacted_pickings,
             }
-            return self.env.ref('purchase_stock.exception_on_po').render(values=values)
+            return self.env.ref('purchase_stock.exception_on_po')._render(values=values)
 
         documents = self.env['stock.picking']._log_activity_get_documents(purchase_order_lines_quantities, 'move_ids', 'DOWN', _keys_in_sorted, _keys_in_groupby)
         filtered_documents = {}
diff --git a/addons/rating/controllers/main.py b/addons/rating/controllers/main.py
index a35f1af8662..a80d131baa3 100644
--- a/addons/rating/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/rating/controllers/main.py
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class Rating(http.Controller):
         }
         rating.write({'rating': rate, 'consumed': True})
         lang = rating.partner_id.lang or get_lang(request.env).code
-        return request.env['ir.ui.view'].with_context(lang=lang).render_template('rating.rating_external_page_submit', {
+        return request.env['ir.ui.view'].with_context(lang=lang)._render_template('rating.rating_external_page_submit', {
             'rating': rating, 'token': token,
             'rate_names': rate_names, 'rate': rate
         })
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ class Rating(http.Controller):
         record_sudo = request.env[rating.res_model].sudo().browse(rating.res_id)
         record_sudo.rating_apply(rate, token=token, feedback=kwargs.get('feedback'))
         lang = rating.partner_id.lang or get_lang(request.env).code
-        return request.env['ir.ui.view'].with_context(lang=lang).render_template('rating.rating_external_page_view', {
+        return request.env['ir.ui.view'].with_context(lang=lang)._render_template('rating.rating_external_page_view', {
             'web_base_url': request.env['ir.config_parameter'].sudo().get_param('web.base.url'),
             'rating': rating,
         })
diff --git a/addons/sale/controllers/onboarding.py b/addons/sale/controllers/onboarding.py
index 1d62325f669..8b54c0d3b23 100644
--- a/addons/sale/controllers/onboarding.py
+++ b/addons/sale/controllers/onboarding.py
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class OnboardingController(http.Controller):
             return {}
 
         return {
-            'html': request.env.ref('sale.sale_quotation_onboarding_panel').render({
+            'html': request.env.ref('sale.sale_quotation_onboarding_panel')._render({
                 'company': company,
                 'state': company.get_and_update_sale_quotation_onboarding_state()
             })
diff --git a/addons/sale/controllers/portal.py b/addons/sale/controllers/portal.py
index a716bdceb79..40e854af7c5 100644
--- a/addons/sale/controllers/portal.py
+++ b/addons/sale/controllers/portal.py
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ class CustomerPortal(CustomerPortal):
             order_sudo.action_confirm()
             order_sudo._send_order_confirmation_mail()
 
-        pdf = request.env.ref('sale.action_report_saleorder').sudo().render_qweb_pdf([order_sudo.id])[0]
+        pdf = request.env.ref('sale.action_report_saleorder').sudo()._render_qweb_pdf([order_sudo.id])[0]
 
         _message_post_helper(
             'sale.order', order_sudo.id, _('Order signed by %s') % (name,),
diff --git a/addons/sale_management/controllers/portal.py b/addons/sale_management/controllers/portal.py
index a2690237709..da3c3bbcc23 100644
--- a/addons/sale_management/controllers/portal.py
+++ b/addons/sale_management/controllers/portal.py
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class CustomerPortal(CustomerPortal):
                'order_line_price_subtotal': format_price(order_line.price_subtotal)
             })
             try:
-                results['order_totals_table'] = request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template('sale.sale_order_portal_content_totals_table', {'sale_order': order_sudo})
+                results['order_totals_table'] = request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template('sale.sale_order_portal_content_totals_table', {'sale_order': order_sudo})
             except ValueError:
                 pass
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class CustomerPortal(CustomerPortal):
             results = self._get_portal_order_details(order_sudo)
             results.update({
                 'unlink': True,
-                'sale_template': request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template('sale.sale_order_portal_content', {
+                'sale_template': request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template('sale.sale_order_portal_content', {
                     'sale_order': order_sudo,
                     'report_type': "html"
                 }),
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class CustomerPortal(CustomerPortal):
 
         option_sudo.add_option_to_order()
         results = self._get_portal_order_details(order_sudo)
-        results['sale_template'] = request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template("sale.sale_order_portal_content", {
+        results['sale_template'] = request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template("sale.sale_order_portal_content", {
             'sale_order': option_sudo.order_id,
             'report_type': "html"
         })
diff --git a/addons/sale_product_configurator/controllers/main.py b/addons/sale_product_configurator/controllers/main.py
index 9717b302dcf..d207d41694e 100644
--- a/addons/sale_product_configurator/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/sale_product_configurator/controllers/main.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class ProductConfiguratorController(http.Controller):
         if pricelist:
             product_template = product_template.with_context(pricelist=pricelist.id, partner=request.env.user.partner_id)
 
-        return request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template("sale_product_configurator.configure", {
+        return request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template("sale_product_configurator.configure", {
             'product': product_template,
             'pricelist': pricelist,
             'add_qty': add_qty,
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class ProductConfiguratorController(http.Controller):
             # They are kept in the context since they are not linked to this product variant
             parent_combination |= product.env.context.get('no_variant_attribute_values')
 
-        return request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template("sale_product_configurator.optional_product_items", {
+        return request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template("sale_product_configurator.optional_product_items", {
             'product': product,
             'parent_name': product.name,
             'parent_combination': parent_combination,
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class ProductConfiguratorController(http.Controller):
         if no_variant_attribute_values:
             product = product.with_context(no_variant_attribute_values=no_variant_attribute_values)
 
-        return request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template("sale_product_configurator.optional_products_modal", {
+        return request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template("sale_product_configurator.optional_products_modal", {
             'product': product,
             'combination': combination,
             'add_qty': add_qty,
diff --git a/addons/sale_purchase/models/purchase_order.py b/addons/sale_purchase/models/purchase_order.py
index 8684912c7fc..3da5b6c6b2c 100644
--- a/addons/sale_purchase/models/purchase_order.py
+++ b/addons/sale_purchase/models/purchase_order.py
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class PurchaseOrder(models.Model):
                     sale_to_notify_map[sale_order] |= purchase_line
 
         for sale_order, purchase_order_lines in sale_to_notify_map.items():
-            sale_order.activity_schedule_with_view('mail.mail_activity_data_warning',
+            sale_order._activity_schedule_with_view('mail.mail_activity_data_warning',
                 user_id=sale_order.user_id.id or self.env.uid,
                 views_or_xmlid='sale_purchase.exception_sale_on_purchase_cancellation',
                 render_context={
diff --git a/addons/sale_purchase/models/sale_order.py b/addons/sale_purchase/models/sale_order.py
index dc645a7830a..bfed4ae42cc 100644
--- a/addons/sale_purchase/models/sale_order.py
+++ b/addons/sale_purchase/models/sale_order.py
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class SaleOrder(models.Model):
             purchase_to_notify_map[purchase_line.order_id] |= purchase_line.sale_line_id
 
         for purchase_order, sale_order_lines in purchase_to_notify_map.items():
-            purchase_order.activity_schedule_with_view('mail.mail_activity_data_warning',
+            purchase_order._activity_schedule_with_view('mail.mail_activity_data_warning',
                 user_id=purchase_order.user_id.id or self.env.uid,
                 views_or_xmlid='sale_purchase.exception_purchase_on_sale_cancellation',
                 render_context={
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ class SaleOrderLine(models.Model):
                 'sale_orders': sale_lines.mapped('order_id'),
                 'origin_values': origin_values,
             }
-            purchase_order.activity_schedule_with_view('mail.mail_activity_data_warning',
+            purchase_order._activity_schedule_with_view('mail.mail_activity_data_warning',
                 user_id=purchase_order.user_id.id or self.env.uid,
                 views_or_xmlid='sale_purchase.exception_purchase_on_sale_quantity_decreased',
                 render_context=render_context)
diff --git a/addons/sale_stock/controllers/portal.py b/addons/sale_stock/controllers/portal.py
index 999b12a1d6b..7eec8e26d0b 100644
--- a/addons/sale_stock/controllers/portal.py
+++ b/addons/sale_stock/controllers/portal.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class SaleStockPortal(CustomerPortal):
             return request.redirect('/my')
 
         # print report as sudo, since it require access to product, taxes, payment term etc.. and portal does not have those access rights.
-        pdf = request.env.ref('stock.action_report_delivery').sudo().render_qweb_pdf([picking_sudo.id])[0]
+        pdf = request.env.ref('stock.action_report_delivery').sudo()._render_qweb_pdf([picking_sudo.id])[0]
         pdfhttpheaders = [
             ('Content-Type', 'application/pdf'),
             ('Content-Length', len(pdf)),
diff --git a/addons/sale_stock/models/sale_order.py b/addons/sale_stock/models/sale_order.py
index 4b9839c0632..8ead12b9f79 100644
--- a/addons/sale_stock/models/sale_order.py
+++ b/addons/sale_stock/models/sale_order.py
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ class SaleOrder(models.Model):
                 'impacted_pickings': impacted_pickings,
                 'cancel': cancel
             }
-            return self.env.ref('sale_stock.exception_on_so').render(values=values)
+            return self.env.ref('sale_stock.exception_on_so')._render(values=values)
 
         self.env['stock.picking']._log_activity(_render_note_exception_quantity_so, documents)
 
diff --git a/addons/sale_stock/models/stock.py b/addons/sale_stock/models/stock.py
index 7b1b9ee56a2..9b679944502 100644
--- a/addons/sale_stock/models/stock.py
+++ b/addons/sale_stock/models/stock.py
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ class StockPicking(models.Model):
                 'origin_picking': origin_picking,
                 'moves_information': moves_information.values(),
             }
-            return self.env.ref('sale_stock.exception_on_picking').render(values=values)
+            return self.env.ref('sale_stock.exception_on_picking')._render(values=values)
 
         documents = self._log_activity_get_documents(moves, 'sale_line_id', 'DOWN', _keys_in_sorted, _keys_in_groupby)
         self._log_activity(_render_note_exception_quantity, documents)
diff --git a/addons/snailmail/models/snailmail_letter.py b/addons/snailmail/models/snailmail_letter.py
index 702f2d366ca..1afb157e420 100644
--- a/addons/snailmail/models/snailmail_letter.py
+++ b/addons/snailmail/models/snailmail_letter.py
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ class SnailmailLetter(models.Model):
             else:
                 report_name = 'Document'
             filename = "%s.%s" % (report_name, "pdf")
-            pdf_bin, _ = report.with_context(snailmail_layout=not self.cover).render_qweb_pdf(self.res_id)
+            pdf_bin, _ = report.with_context(snailmail_layout=not self.cover)._render_qweb_pdf(self.res_id)
             attachment = self.env['ir.attachment'].create({
                 'name': filename,
                 'datas': base64.b64encode(pdf_bin),
diff --git a/addons/stock/models/stock_picking.py b/addons/stock/models/stock_picking.py
index 12da2dd4902..c4cbdf52e4d 100644
--- a/addons/stock/models/stock_picking.py
+++ b/addons/stock/models/stock_picking.py
@@ -1163,7 +1163,7 @@ class Picking(models.Model):
                 'moves_information': rendering_context.values(),
                 'impacted_pickings': impacted_pickings,
             }
-            return self.env.ref('stock.exception_on_picking').render(values=values)
+            return self.env.ref('stock.exception_on_picking')._render(values=values)
 
         documents = self._log_activity_get_documents(moves, 'move_dest_ids', 'DOWN', _keys_in_sorted, _keys_in_groupby)
         documents = self._less_quantities_than_expected_add_documents(moves, documents)
@@ -1329,7 +1329,7 @@ class Picking(models.Model):
     def _attach_sign(self):
         """ Render the delivery report in pdf and attach it to the picking in `self`. """
         self.ensure_one()
-        report = self.env.ref('stock.action_report_delivery').render_qweb_pdf(self.id)
+        report = self.env.ref('stock.action_report_delivery')._render_qweb_pdf(self.id)
         filename = "%s_signed_delivery_slip" % self.name
         if self.partner_id:
             message = _('Order signed by %s') % (self.partner_id.name)
diff --git a/addons/stock/report/stock_traceability.py b/addons/stock/report/stock_traceability.py
index dbc29ff0891..553127505dd 100644
--- a/addons/stock/report/stock_traceability.py
+++ b/addons/stock/report/stock_traceability.py
@@ -212,13 +212,13 @@ class MrpStockReport(models.TransientModel):
         if not config['test_enable']:
             context['commit_assetsbundle'] = True
 
-        body = self.env['ir.ui.view'].with_context(context).render_template(
+        body = self.env['ir.ui.view'].with_context(context)._render_template(
             "stock.report_stock_inventory_print",
             values=dict(rcontext, lines=lines, report=self, context=self),
         )
 
-        header = self.env['ir.actions.report'].render_template("web.internal_layout", values=rcontext)
-        header = self.env['ir.actions.report'].render_template("web.minimal_layout", values=dict(rcontext, subst=True, body=header))
+        header = self.env['ir.actions.report']._render_template("web.internal_layout", values=rcontext)
+        header = self.env['ir.actions.report']._render_template("web.minimal_layout", values=dict(rcontext, subst=True, body=header))
 
         return self.env['ir.actions.report']._run_wkhtmltopdf(
             [body],
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ class MrpStockReport(models.TransientModel):
         rcontext = {}
         context = dict(self.env.context)
         rcontext['lines'] = self.with_context(context).get_lines()
-        result['html'] = self.env.ref('stock.report_stock_inventory').render(rcontext)
+        result['html'] = self.env.ref('stock.report_stock_inventory')._render(rcontext)
         return result
 
     @api.model
diff --git a/addons/stock/tests/test_report.py b/addons/stock/tests/test_report.py
index 9acac53a2a3..bdd7f7ee3f6 100644
--- a/addons/stock/tests/test_report.py
+++ b/addons/stock/tests/test_report.py
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class TestReports(TransactionCase):
         report = self.env.ref('stock.label_lot_template')
         target = b'\n\n\n^XA\n^FO100,50\n^A0N,44,33^FD[C418]Mellohi^FS\n^FO100,100\n^A0N,44,33^FDLN/SN:Volume-Beta^FS\n^FO100,150^BY3\n^BCN,100,Y,N,N\n^FDVolume-Beta^FS\n^XZ\n\n\n'
 
-        rendering, qweb_type = report.render_qweb_text(lot1.id)
+        rendering, qweb_type = report._render_qweb_text(lot1.id)
         self.assertEqual(target, rendering.replace(b' ', b''), 'The rendering is not good')
         self.assertEqual(qweb_type, 'text', 'the report type is not good')
 
diff --git a/addons/survey/controllers/main.py b/addons/survey/controllers/main.py
index 0d0a32ee9a2..b55ea0e1277 100644
--- a/addons/survey/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/survey/controllers/main.py
@@ -318,22 +318,22 @@ class Survey(http.Controller):
 
         survey_content = False
         if answer_sudo.state == 'done':
-            survey_content = request.env.ref('survey.survey_fill_form_done').render(survey_data)
+            survey_content = request.env.ref('survey.survey_fill_form_done')._render(survey_data)
         else:
-            survey_content = request.env.ref('survey.survey_fill_form_in_progress').render(survey_data)
+            survey_content = request.env.ref('survey.survey_fill_form_in_progress')._render(survey_data)
 
         survey_progress = False
         if answer_sudo.state == 'in_progress' and not survey_data.get('question', request.env['survey.question']).is_page:
             if survey_sudo.questions_layout == 'page_per_section':
                 page_ids = survey_sudo.page_ids.ids
-                survey_progress = request.env.ref('survey.survey_progression').render({
+                survey_progress = request.env.ref('survey.survey_progression')._render({
                     'survey': survey_sudo,
                     'page_ids': page_ids,
                     'page_number': page_ids.index(survey_data['page'].id) + (1 if survey_sudo.progression_mode == 'number' else 0)
                 })
             elif survey_sudo.questions_layout == 'page_per_question':
                 page_ids = survey_sudo.question_ids.ids
-                survey_progress = request.env.ref('survey.survey_progression').render({
+                survey_progress = request.env.ref('survey.survey_progression')._render({
                     'survey': survey_sudo,
                     'page_ids': page_ids,
                     'page_number': page_ids.index(survey_data['question'].id)
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ class Survey(http.Controller):
         return {
             'survey_content': survey_content,
             'survey_progress': survey_progress,
-            'survey_navigation': request.env.ref('survey.survey_navigation').render(survey_data),
+            'survey_navigation': request.env.ref('survey.survey_navigation')._render(survey_data),
         }
 
     @http.route('/survey/<string:survey_token>/<string:answer_token>', type='http', auth='public', website=True)
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@ class Survey(http.Controller):
         return request.render('survey.survey_page_statistics', template_values)
 
     def _generate_report(self, user_input, download=True):
-        report = request.env.ref('survey.certification_report').sudo().render_qweb_pdf([user_input.id], data={'report_type': 'pdf'})[0]
+        report = request.env.ref('survey.certification_report').sudo()._render_qweb_pdf([user_input.id], data={'report_type': 'pdf'})[0]
 
         report_content_disposition = content_disposition('Certification.pdf')
         if not download:
diff --git a/addons/survey/controllers/survey_session_manage.py b/addons/survey/controllers/survey_session_manage.py
index e81626ce95b..090df323908 100644
--- a/addons/survey/controllers/survey_session_manage.py
+++ b/addons/survey/controllers/survey_session_manage.py
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ class UserInputSession(http.Controller):
 
             template_values = self._prepare_manage_session_values(survey)
             template_values['is_rpc_call'] = True
-            return request.env.ref('survey.user_input_session_manage_content').render(template_values)
+            return request.env.ref('survey.user_input_session_manage_content')._render(template_values)
         else:
             return False
 
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ class UserInputSession(http.Controller):
             # no open session
             return ''
 
-        return request.env.ref('survey.user_input_session_leaderboard').render({
+        return request.env.ref('survey.user_input_session_leaderboard')._render({
             'animate_width': True,
             'leaderboard': survey._prepare_leaderboard_values()
         })
diff --git a/addons/survey/wizard/survey_invite.py b/addons/survey/wizard/survey_invite.py
index b9c6759f246..0a8fba4f6af 100644
--- a/addons/survey/wizard/survey_invite.py
+++ b/addons/survey/wizard/survey_invite.py
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ class SurveyInvite(models.TransientModel):
                     'model_description': self.env['ir.model']._get('survey.survey').display_name,
                     'company': self.env.company,
                 }
-                body = template.render(template_ctx, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
+                body = template._render(template_ctx, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
                 mail_values['body_html'] = self.env['mail.render.mixin']._replace_local_links(body)
 
         return self.env['mail.mail'].sudo().create(mail_values)
diff --git a/addons/web/controllers/main.py b/addons/web/controllers/main.py
index c68966af4bc..971181d14a1 100644
--- a/addons/web/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/web/controllers/main.py
@@ -1974,14 +1974,14 @@ class ReportController(http.Controller):
                 del data['context']['lang']
             context.update(data['context'])
         if converter == 'html':
-            html = report.with_context(context).render_qweb_html(docids, data=data)[0]
+            html = report.with_context(context)._render_qweb_html(docids, data=data)[0]
             return request.make_response(html)
         elif converter == 'pdf':
-            pdf = report.with_context(context).render_qweb_pdf(docids, data=data)[0]
+            pdf = report.with_context(context)._render_qweb_pdf(docids, data=data)[0]
             pdfhttpheaders = [('Content-Type', 'application/pdf'), ('Content-Length', len(pdf))]
             return request.make_response(pdf, headers=pdfhttpheaders)
         elif converter == 'text':
-            text = report.with_context(context).render_qweb_text(docids, data=data)[0]
+            text = report.with_context(context)._render_qweb_text(docids, data=data)[0]
             texthttpheaders = [('Content-Type', 'text/plain'), ('Content-Length', len(text))]
             return request.make_response(text, headers=texthttpheaders)
         else:
diff --git a/addons/web/models/models.py b/addons/web/models/models.py
index 2e8d63b55be..348fecb8cb1 100644
--- a/addons/web/models/models.py
+++ b/addons/web/models/models.py
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ class Base(models.AbstractModel):
     @api.model
     def qweb_render_view(self, view_id, domain):
         assert view_id
-        return self.env['ir.qweb'].render(
+        return self.env['ir.qweb']._render(
             view_id, {
             **self.env['ir.ui.view']._prepare_qcontext(),
             **self._qweb_prepare_qcontext(view_id, domain),
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ class ResCompany(models.Model):
         # One bundle for everyone, so this method
         # necessarily updates the style for every company at once
         company_ids = self.sudo().search([])
-        company_styles = template_style.render({
+        company_styles = template_style._render({
             'company_ids': company_ids,
         })
         return base64.b64encode((company_styles))
diff --git a/addons/web/static/src/js/core/ajax.js b/addons/web/static/src/js/core/ajax.js
index 21a0cbdc0fc..ae3194e2a45 100644
--- a/addons/web/static/src/js/core/ajax.js
+++ b/addons/web/static/src/js/core/ajax.js
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ var loadAsset = (function () {
         if (tplRoute === '/web/dataset/call_kw/') {
             Object.assign(params, {
                 model: 'ir.ui.view',
-                method: 'render_template',
+                method: 'render_public_asset',
             });
         }
         cache[xmlId] = rpc(tplRoute, params).then(function (xml) {
diff --git a/addons/web_editor/controllers/main.py b/addons/web_editor/controllers/main.py
index 488c203d35f..cd8ade0f108 100644
--- a/addons/web_editor/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/web_editor/controllers/main.py
@@ -476,4 +476,4 @@ class Web_Editor(http.Controller):
         if request.env.user._is_public() \
                 and xmlid in request.env['web_editor.assets']._get_public_asset_xmlids():
             View = View.sudo()
-        return View.render_template(xmlid, {k: values[k] for k in values if k in trusted_value_keys})
+        return View._render_template(xmlid, {k: values[k] for k in values if k in trusted_value_keys})
diff --git a/addons/web_editor/models/ir_ui_view.py b/addons/web_editor/models/ir_ui_view.py
index 1e47c1800f9..c56fdadbb6e 100644
--- a/addons/web_editor/models/ir_ui_view.py
+++ b/addons/web_editor/models/ir_ui_view.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ _logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 class IrUiView(models.Model):
     _inherit = 'ir.ui.view'
 
-    def render(self, values=None, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=False):
+    def _render(self, values=None, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=False):
         if values and values.get('editable'):
             try:
                 self.check_access_rights('write')
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class IrUiView(models.Model):
             except AccessError:
                 values['editable'] = False
 
-        return super(IrUiView, self).render(values=values, engine=engine, minimal_qcontext=minimal_qcontext)
+        return super(IrUiView, self)._render(values=values, engine=engine, minimal_qcontext=minimal_qcontext)
 
     #------------------------------------------------------
     # Save from html
diff --git a/addons/web_editor/static/src/js/editor/snippets.editor.js b/addons/web_editor/static/src/js/editor/snippets.editor.js
index 69baddaefe4..9b0b5ed2e7f 100644
--- a/addons/web_editor/static/src/js/editor/snippets.editor.js
+++ b/addons/web_editor/static/src/js/editor/snippets.editor.js
@@ -1034,7 +1034,7 @@ var SnippetsMenu = Widget.extend({
         }
         this._defLoadSnippets = this._rpc({
             model: 'ir.ui.view',
-            method: 'render_template',
+            method: 'render_public_asset',
             args: [this.options.snippets, {}],
             kwargs: {
                 context: this.options.context,
diff --git a/addons/web_editor/static/tests/test_utils.js b/addons/web_editor/static/tests/test_utils.js
index fcbf52f2521..b8dd9040fc7 100644
--- a/addons/web_editor/static/tests/test_utils.js
+++ b/addons/web_editor/static/tests/test_utils.js
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ MockServer.include({
             if (args.method === 'read_template' && args.args[0] === "web_editor.colorpicker") {
                 return COLOR_PICKER_TEMPLATE;
             }
-            if (args.method === 'render_template' && args.args[0] === "web_editor.snippets") {
+            if (args.method === 'render_public_asset' && args.args[0] === "web_editor.snippets") {
                 return SNIPPETS_TEMPLATE;
             }
         }
diff --git a/addons/web_editor/tests/test_converter.py b/addons/web_editor/tests/test_converter.py
index 724b464368b..3d9259ba5b5 100644
--- a/addons/web_editor/tests/test_converter.py
+++ b/addons/web_editor/tests/test_converter.py
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class TestConvertBack(common.TransactionCase):
         field_value = 'record.%s' % field
         e.set('t-field', field_value)
 
-        rendered = self.env['ir.qweb'].render(t, {'record': record})
+        rendered = self.env['ir.qweb']._render(t, {'record': record})
 
         element = html.fromstring(rendered, parser=html.HTMLParser(encoding='utf-8'))
         model = 'ir.qweb.field.' + element.get('data-oe-type', '')
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ class TestConvertBack(common.TransactionCase):
         field_value = 'record.%s' % field
         e.set('t-field', field_value)
 
-        rendered = self.env['ir.qweb'].render(t, {'record': record})
+        rendered = self.env['ir.qweb']._render(t, {'record': record})
         element = html.fromstring(rendered, parser=html.HTMLParser(encoding='utf-8'))
 
         # emulate edition
diff --git a/addons/website/controllers/main.py b/addons/website/controllers/main.py
index 93d44718b9b..bbbb0c5960b 100644
--- a/addons/website/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/website/controllers/main.py
@@ -167,15 +167,15 @@ class Website(Home):
             sitemaps.unlink()
 
             pages = 0
-            locs = request.website.with_user(request.website.user_id).enumerate_pages()
+            locs = request.website.with_user(request.website.user_id)._enumerate_pages()
             while True:
                 values = {
                     'locs': islice(locs, 0, LOC_PER_SITEMAP),
                     'url_root': request.httprequest.url_root[:-1],
                 }
-                urls = View.render_template('website.sitemap_locs', values)
+                urls = View._render_template('website.sitemap_locs', values)
                 if urls.strip():
-                    content = View.render_template('website.sitemap_xml', {'content': urls})
+                    content = View._render_template('website.sitemap_xml', {'content': urls})
                     pages += 1
                     last_sitemap = create_sitemap('/sitemap-%d-%d.xml' % (current_website.id, pages), content)
                 else:
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ class Website(Home):
                 pages_with_website = ["%d-%d" % (current_website.id, p) for p in range(1, pages + 1)]
 
                 # Sitemaps must be split in several smaller files with a sitemap index
-                content = View.render_template('website.sitemap_index_xml', {
+                content = View._render_template('website.sitemap_index_xml', {
                     'pages': pages_with_website,
                     'url_root': request.httprequest.url_root,
                 })
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ class Website(Home):
         matching_urls = set(map(lambda match: match['value'], matching_pages))
 
         matching_last_modified = []
-        last_modified_pages = current_website.get_website_pages(order='write_date desc', limit=5)
+        last_modified_pages = current_website._get_website_pages(order='write_date desc', limit=5)
         for url, name in last_modified_pages.mapped(lambda p: (p.url, p.name)):
             if needle.lower() in name.lower() or needle.lower() in url.lower() and url not in matching_urls:
                 matching_last_modified.append({
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ class Website(Home):
         View = request.env['ir.ui.view']
         res = {}
         for id_or_xml_id in ids_or_xml_ids:
-            res[id_or_xml_id] = View.render_template(id_or_xml_id, values)
+            res[id_or_xml_id] = View._render_template(id_or_xml_id, values)
         return res
 
     @http.route(['/website/update_visitor_timezone'], type='json', auth="public", website=True)
diff --git a/addons/website/models/ir_http.py b/addons/website/models/ir_http.py
index 2e6aa532f88..25826241f2b 100644
--- a/addons/website/models/ir_http.py
+++ b/addons/website/models/ir_http.py
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ class Http(models.AbstractModel):
     @classmethod
     def _get_error_html(cls, env, code, values):
         if code in ('page_404', 'protected_403'):
-            return code.split('_')[1], env['ir.ui.view'].render_template('website.%s' % code, values)
+            return code.split('_')[1], env['ir.ui.view']._render_template('website.%s' % code, values)
         return super(Http, cls)._get_error_html(env, code, values)
 
     def binary_content(self, xmlid=None, model='ir.attachment', id=None, field='datas',
diff --git a/addons/website/models/ir_ui_view.py b/addons/website/models/ir_ui_view.py
index 12d2831c0d8..8fa24631d26 100644
--- a/addons/website/models/ir_ui_view.py
+++ b/addons/website/models/ir_ui_view.py
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ class View(models.Model):
                 return False
         return True
 
-    def render(self, values=None, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=False):
+    def _render(self, values=None, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=False):
         """ Render the template. If website is enabled on request, then extend rendering context with website values. """
         self._handle_visibility(do_raise=True)
         new_context = dict(self._context)
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ class View(models.Model):
 
         if self._context != new_context:
             self = self.with_context(new_context)
-        return super(View, self).render(values, engine=engine, minimal_qcontext=minimal_qcontext)
+        return super(View, self)._render(values, engine=engine, minimal_qcontext=minimal_qcontext)
 
     @api.model
     def _prepare_qcontext(self):
diff --git a/addons/website/models/website.py b/addons/website/models/website.py
index c0c65070311..e6c86ed3f3f 100644
--- a/addons/website/models/website.py
+++ b/addons/website/models/website.py
@@ -760,7 +760,7 @@ class Website(models.Model):
         return all(p.name in rule._converters for p in params
                    if p.kind in supported_kinds and has_no_default(p))
 
-    def enumerate_pages(self, query_string=None, force=False):
+    def _enumerate_pages(self, query_string=None, force=False):
         """ Available pages in the website/CMS. This is mostly used for links
             generation and can be overridden by modules setting up new HTML
             controllers for dynamic pages (e.g. blog).
@@ -850,7 +850,7 @@ class Website(models.Model):
         if query_string:
             domain += [('url', 'like', query_string)]
 
-        pages = self.get_website_pages(domain)
+        pages = self._get_website_pages(domain)
 
         for page in pages:
             record = {'loc': page['url'], 'id': page['id'], 'name': page['name']}
@@ -860,7 +860,7 @@ class Website(models.Model):
                 record['lastmod'] = page['write_date'].date()
             yield record
 
-    def get_website_pages(self, domain=[], order='name', limit=None):
+    def _get_website_pages(self, domain=[], order='name', limit=None):
         domain += self.get_current_website().website_domain()
         pages = self.env['website.page'].sudo().search(domain, order=order, limit=limit)
         return pages
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ class Website(models.Model):
     def search_pages(self, needle=None, limit=None):
         name = slugify(needle, max_length=50, path=True)
         res = []
-        for page in self.enumerate_pages(query_string=name, force=True):
+        for page in self._enumerate_pages(query_string=name, force=True):
             res.append(page)
             if len(res) == limit:
                 break
diff --git a/addons/website/models/website_menu.py b/addons/website/models/website_menu.py
index 74117b11711..afd728ca9b0 100644
--- a/addons/website/models/website_menu.py
+++ b/addons/website/models/website_menu.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class Menu(models.Model):
         for menu in self:
             if menu.is_mega_menu:
                 if not menu.mega_menu_content:
-                    default_content = self.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template('website.s_mega_menu_multi_menus')
+                    default_content = self.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template('website.s_mega_menu_multi_menus')
                     menu.mega_menu_content = default_content.decode()
             else:
                 menu.mega_menu_content = False
diff --git a/addons/website/tests/test_qweb.py b/addons/website/tests/test_qweb.py
index 99f53078310..7b7d08ded8d 100644
--- a/addons/website/tests/test_qweb.py
+++ b/addons/website/tests/test_qweb.py
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class TestQweb(TransactionCaseWithUserDemo):
 
         demo_env = self.env(user=demo)
 
-        html = demo_env['ir.qweb'].render('website.test_template', {"user": demo}, website_id= website.id)
+        html = demo_env['ir.qweb']._render('website.test_template', {"user": demo}, website_id= website.id)
         html = html.strip().decode('utf8')
         html = re.sub(r'\?unique=[^"]+', '', html).encode('utf8')
 
diff --git a/addons/website/tests/test_views.py b/addons/website/tests/test_views.py
index 9f19cdcc303..c662416756c 100644
--- a/addons/website/tests/test_views.py
+++ b/addons/website/tests/test_views.py
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ class TestViewSaving(common.TransactionCase):
         )
         self.assertIn(
             replacement,
-            view.render().decode('utf-8'),
+            view._render().decode('utf-8'),
             'inline script should not be escaped when rendering'
         )
         # common text nodes should be be escaped client side
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ class TestViewSaving(common.TransactionCase):
         self.assertIn(replacement, view.arch, 'common text node should not be escaped server side')
         self.assertIn(
             replacement,
-            view.render().decode('utf-8').replace(u'&', u'&amp;'),
+            view._render().decode('utf-8').replace(u'&', u'&amp;'),
             'text node characters wrongly unescaped when rendering'
         )
 
diff --git a/addons/website_blog/controllers/main.py b/addons/website_blog/controllers/main.py
index 3e9108bd1a0..0901a22d8ec 100644
--- a/addons/website_blog/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/website_blog/controllers/main.py
@@ -299,4 +299,4 @@ class WebsiteBlog(http.Controller):
         if domain:
             dom = expression.AND([dom, domain])
         posts = request.env['blog.post'].search(dom, limit=limit, order=order)
-        return request.website.viewref(template).render({'posts': posts})
+        return request.website.viewref(template)._render({'posts': posts})
diff --git a/addons/website_event/controllers/main.py b/addons/website_event/controllers/main.py
index 4b06a913fbe..48b6b19936c 100644
--- a/addons/website_event/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/website_event/controllers/main.py
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ class WebsiteEventController(http.Controller):
                 "date": self.get_formated_date(event),
                 "event": event,
                 "url": event.website_url})
-        return request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template("website_event.country_events_list", result)
+        return request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template("website_event.country_events_list", result)
 
     def _process_tickets_form(self, event, form_details):
         """ Process posted data about ticket order. Generic ticket are supported
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ class WebsiteEventController(http.Controller):
                 availability_check = False
         if not tickets:
             return False
-        return request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template("website_event.registration_attendee_details", {'tickets': tickets, 'event': event, 'availability_check': availability_check})
+        return request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template("website_event.registration_attendee_details", {'tickets': tickets, 'event': event, 'availability_check': availability_check})
 
     def _process_attendees_form(self, event, form_details):
         """ Process data posted from the attendee details form.
diff --git a/addons/website_hr_recruitment/models/hr_recruitment.py b/addons/website_hr_recruitment/models/hr_recruitment.py
index f03ab2e054a..b4a1e6acbc2 100644
--- a/addons/website_hr_recruitment/models/hr_recruitment.py
+++ b/addons/website_hr_recruitment/models/hr_recruitment.py
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ class Job(models.Model):
 
     def _get_default_website_description(self):
         default_description = self.env["ir.model.data"].xmlid_to_object("website_hr_recruitment.default_website_description")
-        return (default_description.render() if default_description else "")
+        return (default_description._render() if default_description else "")
 
     website_description = fields.Html('Website description', translate=html_translate, sanitize_attributes=False, default=_get_default_website_description, prefetch=False, sanitize_form=False)
 
diff --git a/addons/website_mail_channel/controllers/main.py b/addons/website_mail_channel/controllers/main.py
index 4e2747bbeff..2207794f363 100644
--- a/addons/website_mail_channel/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/website_mail_channel/controllers/main.py
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ class MailGroup(http.Controller):
             'msg_more_count': message_count - self._replies_per_page,
             'replies_per_page': self._replies_per_page,
         }
-        return request.env.ref('website_mail_channel.messages_short').render(values, engine='ir.qweb')
+        return request.env.ref('website_mail_channel.messages_short')._render(values, engine='ir.qweb')
 
     @http.route("/groups/<int:group_id>/get_alias_info", type='json', auth='public', website=True)
     def get_alias_info(self, group_id, **post):
diff --git a/addons/website_mass_mailing/models/website_mass_mailing.py b/addons/website_mass_mailing/models/website_mass_mailing.py
index fdad7c16bc2..bcf09212c3e 100644
--- a/addons/website_mass_mailing/models/website_mass_mailing.py
+++ b/addons/website_mass_mailing/models/website_mass_mailing.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class MassMailingPopup(models.Model):
     _description = "Mailing list popup"
 
     def _default_popup_content(self):
-        return self.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template('website_mass_mailing.s_newsletter_block')
+        return self.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template('website_mass_mailing.s_newsletter_block')
 
     mailing_list_id = fields.Many2one('mailing.list')
     website_id = fields.Many2one('website')
diff --git a/addons/website_sale/controllers/main.py b/addons/website_sale/controllers/main.py
index 113e22e435c..ee86c8369fb 100644
--- a/addons/website_sale/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/website_sale/controllers/main.py
@@ -466,12 +466,12 @@ class WebsiteSale(http.Controller):
         if not display:
             return value
 
-        value['website_sale.cart_lines'] = request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template("website_sale.cart_lines", {
+        value['website_sale.cart_lines'] = request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template("website_sale.cart_lines", {
             'website_sale_order': order,
             'date': fields.Date.today(),
             'suggested_products': order._cart_accessories()
         })
-        value['website_sale.short_cart_summary'] = request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template("website_sale.short_cart_summary", {
+        value['website_sale.short_cart_summary'] = request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template("website_sale.short_cart_summary", {
             'website_sale_order': order,
         })
         return value
@@ -960,7 +960,7 @@ class WebsiteSale(http.Controller):
 
         return {
             'recall': order.get_portal_last_transaction().state == 'pending',
-            'message': request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template("website_sale.payment_confirmation_status", {
+            'message': request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template("website_sale.payment_confirmation_status", {
                 'order': order
             })
         }
@@ -1025,7 +1025,7 @@ class WebsiteSale(http.Controller):
     def print_saleorder(self, **kwargs):
         sale_order_id = request.session.get('sale_last_order_id')
         if sale_order_id:
-            pdf, _ = request.env.ref('sale.action_report_saleorder').sudo().render_qweb_pdf([sale_order_id])
+            pdf, _ = request.env.ref('sale.action_report_saleorder').sudo()._render_qweb_pdf([sale_order_id])
             pdfhttpheaders = [('Content-Type', 'application/pdf'), ('Content-Length', u'%s' % len(pdf))]
             return request.make_response(pdf, headers=pdfhttpheaders)
         else:
@@ -1243,7 +1243,7 @@ class WebsiteSale(http.Controller):
                     res_product.update(combination_info)
                     res_product['price'] = FieldMonetary.value_to_html(res_product['price'], monetary_options)
                     if rating:
-                        res_product['rating'] = request.env["ir.ui.view"].render_template('portal_rating.rating_widget_stars_static', values={
+                        res_product['rating'] = request.env["ir.ui.view"]._render_template('portal_rating.rating_widget_stars_static', values={
                             'rating_avg': product.rating_avg,
                             'rating_count': product.rating_count,
                         })
diff --git a/addons/website_sale/controllers/variant.py b/addons/website_sale/controllers/variant.py
index 76069d26bc5..158d2cf97e2 100644
--- a/addons/website_sale/controllers/variant.py
+++ b/addons/website_sale/controllers/variant.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class WebsiteSaleVariantController(VariantController):
         kw.pop('pricelist_id')
         res = self.get_combination_info(product_template_id, product_id, combination, add_qty, request.website.get_current_pricelist(), **kw)
 
-        carousel_view = request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template('website_sale.shop_product_carousel',
+        carousel_view = request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template('website_sale.shop_product_carousel',
             values={
                 'product': request.env['product.template'].browse(res['product_template_id']),
                 'product_variant': request.env['product.product'].browse(res['product_id']),
diff --git a/addons/website_sale_comparison/controllers/main.py b/addons/website_sale_comparison/controllers/main.py
index 68c9a73a415..4cd5cc4c9e4 100644
--- a/addons/website_sale_comparison/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/website_sale_comparison/controllers/main.py
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class WebsiteSaleProductComparison(WebsiteSale):
         prods.mapped('name')
         for prod in prods:
             ret[prod.id] = {
-                'render': request.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template(
+                'render': request.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template(
                     "website_sale_comparison.product_product",
                     {'product': prod, 'website': request.website}
                 ),
diff --git a/addons/website_slides/controllers/main.py b/addons/website_slides/controllers/main.py
index 385d7b572b1..1e896d3f754 100644
--- a/addons/website_slides/controllers/main.py
+++ b/addons/website_slides/controllers/main.py
@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ class WebsiteSlides(WebsiteProfile):
                 'comment': answer['comment']
             }) for answer in answer_ids]
         })
-        return request.env.ref('website_slides.lesson_content_quiz_question').render({
+        return request.env.ref('website_slides.lesson_content_quiz_question')._render({
             'slide': slide,
             'question': slide_question,
         })
diff --git a/addons/website_slides/wizard/slide_channel_invite.py b/addons/website_slides/wizard/slide_channel_invite.py
index 9650b4d2f9e..e5581a65da0 100644
--- a/addons/website_slides/wizard/slide_channel_invite.py
+++ b/addons/website_slides/wizard/slide_channel_invite.py
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ class SlideChannelInvite(models.TransientModel):
                     'model_description': self.env['ir.model']._get('website_slides.slide_channel').display_name,
                     'company': self.env.company,
                 }
-                body = template.render(template_ctx, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
+                body = template._render(template_ctx, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=True)
                 mail_values['body_html'] = self.env['mail.render.mixin']._replace_local_links(body)
 
         return mail_values
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_actions_report.py b/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_actions_report.py
index 1cc1380d9da..fd4cca16947 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_actions_report.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_actions_report.py
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ class IrActionsReport(models.Model):
             # set context language to body language
             if node.get('data-oe-lang'):
                 layout_with_lang = layout_with_lang.with_context(lang=node.get('data-oe-lang'))
-            body = layout_with_lang.render(dict(subst=False, body=lxml.html.tostring(node), base_url=base_url))
+            body = layout_with_lang._render(dict(subst=False, body=lxml.html.tostring(node), base_url=base_url))
             bodies.append(body)
             if node.get('data-oe-model') == self.model:
                 res_ids.append(int(node.get('data-oe-id', 0)))
@@ -388,8 +388,8 @@ class IrActionsReport(models.Model):
             if attribute[0].startswith('data-report-'):
                 specific_paperformat_args[attribute[0]] = attribute[1]
 
-        header = layout.render(dict(subst=True, body=lxml.html.tostring(header_node), base_url=base_url))
-        footer = layout.render(dict(subst=True, body=lxml.html.tostring(footer_node), base_url=base_url))
+        header = layout._render(dict(subst=True, body=lxml.html.tostring(header_node), base_url=base_url))
+        footer = layout._render(dict(subst=True, body=lxml.html.tostring(footer_node), base_url=base_url))
 
         return bodies, res_ids, header, footer, specific_paperformat_args
 
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ class IrActionsReport(models.Model):
         """
         return {}
 
-    def render_template(self, template, values=None):
+    def _render_template(self, template, values=None):
         """Allow to render a QWeb template python-side. This function returns the 'ir.ui.view'
         render but embellish it with some variables/methods used in reports.
         :param values: additional methods/variables used in the rendering
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ class IrActionsReport(models.Model):
             website=website,
             web_base_url=self.env['ir.config_parameter'].sudo().get_param('web.base.url', default=''),
         )
-        return view_obj.render_template(template, values)
+        return view_obj._render_template(template, values)
 
     def _post_pdf(self, save_in_attachment, pdf_content=None, res_ids=None):
         '''Merge the existing attachments by adding one by one the content of the attachments
@@ -678,7 +678,7 @@ class IrActionsReport(models.Model):
         writer.write(result_stream)
         return result_stream.getvalue()
 
-    def render_qweb_pdf(self, res_ids=None, data=None):
+    def _render_qweb_pdf(self, res_ids=None, data=None):
         if not data:
             data = {}
         data.setdefault('report_type', 'pdf')
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ class IrActionsReport(models.Model):
         # In case of test environment without enough workers to perform calls to wkhtmltopdf,
         # fallback to render_html.
         if (tools.config['test_enable'] or tools.config['test_file']) and not self.env.context.get('force_report_rendering'):
-            return self.render_qweb_html(res_ids, data=data)
+            return self._render_qweb_html(res_ids, data=data)
 
         # As the assets are generated during the same transaction as the rendering of the
         # templates calling them, there is a scenario where the assets are unreachable: when
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ class IrActionsReport(models.Model):
         # an asset bundle during the execution of test scenarios. In this case, return
         # the html version.
         if isinstance(self.env.cr, TestCursor):
-            return self.with_context(context).render_qweb_html(res_ids, data=data)[0]
+            return self.with_context(context)._render_qweb_html(res_ids, data=data)[0]
 
         save_in_attachment = OrderedDict()
         if res_ids:
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ class IrActionsReport(models.Model):
             # bypassed
             raise UserError(_("Unable to find Wkhtmltopdf on this system. The PDF can not be created."))
 
-        html = self.with_context(context).render_qweb_html(res_ids, data=data)[0]
+        html = self.with_context(context)._render_qweb_html(res_ids, data=data)[0]
 
         # Ensure the current document is utf-8 encoded.
         html = html.decode('utf-8')
@@ -772,22 +772,22 @@ class IrActionsReport(models.Model):
         return pdf_content, 'pdf'
 
     @api.model
-    def render_qweb_text(self, docids, data=None):
+    def _render_qweb_text(self, docids, data=None):
         if not data:
             data = {}
         data.setdefault('report_type', 'text')
         data = self._get_rendering_context(docids, data)
-        return self.render_template(self.report_name, data), 'text'
+        return self._render_template(self.report_name, data), 'text'
 
     @api.model
-    def render_qweb_html(self, docids, data=None):
+    def _render_qweb_html(self, docids, data=None):
         """This method generates and returns html version of a report.
         """
         if not data:
             data = {}
         data.setdefault('report_type', 'html')
         data = self._get_rendering_context(docids, data)
-        return self.render_template(self.report_name, data), 'html'
+        return self._render_template(self.report_name, data), 'html'
 
     @api.model
     def _get_rendering_context_model(self):
@@ -813,9 +813,9 @@ class IrActionsReport(models.Model):
             })
         return data
 
-    def render(self, res_ids, data=None):
+    def _render(self, res_ids, data=None):
         report_type = self.report_type.lower().replace('-', '_')
-        render_func = getattr(self, 'render_' + report_type, None)
+        render_func = getattr(self, '_render_' + report_type, None)
         if not render_func:
             return None
         return render_func(res_ids, data=data)
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_qweb.py b/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_qweb.py
index 10ed4ad7c2f..9acfa1be75b 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_qweb.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_qweb.py
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class IrQWeb(models.AbstractModel, QWeb):
     _description = 'Qweb'
 
     @api.model
-    def render(self, id_or_xml_id, values=None, **options):
+    def _render(self, id_or_xml_id, values=None, **options):
         """ render(id_or_xml_id, values, **options)
 
         Render the template specified by the given name.
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class IrQWeb(models.AbstractModel, QWeb):
         context = dict(self.env.context, dev_mode='qweb' in tools.config['dev_mode'])
         context.update(options)
 
-        result = super(IrQWeb, self).render(id_or_xml_id, values=values, **context)
+        result = super(IrQWeb, self)._render(id_or_xml_id, values=values, **context)
 
         if b'data-pagebreak=' not in result:
             return result
@@ -112,15 +112,16 @@ class IrQWeb(models.AbstractModel, QWeb):
             pass
         return super(IrQWeb, self).compile(id_or_xml_id, options=options)
 
-    def load(self, name, options):
+    def _load(self, name, options):
         lang = options.get('lang', get_lang(self.env).code)
         env = self.env
         if lang != env.context.get('lang'):
             env = env(context=dict(env.context, lang=lang))
 
-        template = env['ir.ui.view'].sudo().read_template(name)
+        view_id = self.env['ir.ui.view'].get_view_id(name)
+        template = env['ir.ui.view'].sudo()._read_template(view_id)
 
-        # QWeb's `read_template` will check if one of the first children of
+        # QWeb's `_read_template` will check if one of the first children of
         # what we send to it has a "t-name" attribute having `name` as value
         # to consider it has found it. As it'll never be the case when working
         # with view ids or children view or children primary views, force it here.
@@ -323,7 +324,7 @@ class IrQWeb(models.AbstractModel, QWeb):
                 from odoo.addons.web.controllers.main import module_boot
                 return json.dumps(module_boot())
             return '[]'
-        template = IrQweb.render(xmlid, {"get_modules_order": get_modules_order})
+        template = IrQweb._render(xmlid, {"get_modules_order": get_modules_order})
 
         files = []
         remains = []
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_qweb_fields.py b/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_qweb_fields.py
index c629a55d3c1..eab968c6013 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_qweb_fields.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_qweb_fields.py
@@ -681,7 +681,7 @@ class Contact(models.AbstractModel):
             'object': value,
             'options': options
         }
-        return self.env['ir.qweb'].render('base.contact', val, **options.get('template_options', dict()))
+        return self.env['ir.qweb']._render('base.contact', val, **options.get('template_options', dict()))
 
 
 class QwebView(models.AbstractModel):
@@ -700,4 +700,4 @@ class QwebView(models.AbstractModel):
             _logger.warning("%s.%s must be a 'ir.ui.view' model." % (record, field_name))
             return None
 
-        return pycompat.to_text(view.render(options.get('values', {}), engine='ir.qweb'))
+        return pycompat.to_text(view._render(options.get('values', {}), engine='ir.qweb'))
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_ui_view.py b/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_ui_view.py
index 1acd844c7cb..6b8b50ceb88 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_ui_view.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/models/ir_ui_view.py
@@ -1491,6 +1491,9 @@ actual arch.
 
     @api.model
     def read_template(self, xml_id):
+        """ Return a template content based on external id
+        Read access on ir.ui.view required
+        """
         return self._read_template(self.get_view_id(xml_id))
 
     @api.model
@@ -1599,16 +1602,23 @@ actual arch.
         return '%s.%s' % (xmlid['module'], xmlid['name'])
 
     @api.model
-    def render_template(self, template, values=None, engine='ir.qweb'):
-        return self.browse(self.get_view_id(template)).render(values, engine)
+    def render_public_asset(self, template, values=None):
+        if template not in PUBLIC_ASSETS:
+            _logger.warning("Add the external id %s in global variable PUBLC_ASSSETS to make the arch accessible in RPC", template)
+            raise ValidationError(_("Asset %s not accessible") % template)
+        template = self.browse(self.get_view_id(template))
+        return template.sudo()._render(values, engine="ir.qweb")
 
-    def render(self, values=None, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=False):
+    def _render_template(self, template, values=None, engine='ir.qweb'):
+        return self.browse(self.get_view_id(template))._render(values, engine)
+
+    def _render(self, values=None, engine='ir.qweb', minimal_qcontext=False):
         assert isinstance(self.id, int)
 
         qcontext = dict() if minimal_qcontext else self._prepare_qcontext()
         qcontext.update(values or {})
 
-        return self.env[engine].render(self.id, qcontext)
+        return self.env[engine]._render(self.id, qcontext)
 
     @api.model
     def _prepare_qcontext(self):
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/models/qweb.py b/odoo/addons/base/models/qweb.py
index 02eebb87fa3..464cb7a166e 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/models/qweb.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/models/qweb.py
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ class QWeb(object):
         'link', 'menuitem', 'meta', 'param', 'source', 'track', 'wbr'])
     _name_gen = count()
 
-    def render(self, template, values=None, **options):
+    def _render(self, template, values=None, **options):
         """ render(template, values, **options)
 
         Render the template specified by the given name.
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ class QWeb(object):
             return (document, template)
         else:
             try:
-                document = options.get('load', self.load)(template, options)
+                document = options.get('load', self._load)(template, options)
             except QWebException as e:
                 raise e
             except Exception as e:
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ class QWeb(object):
                 return (node, document)
         return (element, document)
 
-    def load(self, template, options):
+    def _load(self, template, options):
         """ Load a given template. """
         return template
 
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_qweb.py b/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_qweb.py
index 780dc6a0cc5..00cf26d4031 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_qweb.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_qweb.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class TestQWebTField(TransactionCase):
         field = etree.Element('span', {'t-field': u'company.name'})
         company = self.env['res.company'].create({'name': "My Test Company"})
 
-        result = self.engine.render(field, {'company': company})
+        result = self.engine._render(field, {'company': company})
         self.assertEqual(
             etree.fromstring(result),
             etree.fromstring(u'<span data-oe-model="res.company" data-oe-id="%d" '
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ class TestQWebTField(TransactionCase):
         s = u"Testing «ταБЬℓσ»: 1<2 & 4+1>3, now 20% off!"
         company = self.env['res.company'].create({'name': s})
 
-        result = self.engine.render(field, {'company': company})
+        result = self.engine._render(field, {'company': company})
         self.assertEqual(
             etree.fromstring(result),
             etree.fromstring(u'<span data-oe-model="res.company" data-oe-id="%d" '
@@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ class TestQWebTField(TransactionCase):
         field = etree.Element('td', {'t-field': u'company.name'})
 
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(QWebException, r'^RTE widgets do not work correctly'):
-            self.engine.render(field, {'company': None})
+            self.engine._render(field, {'company': None})
 
     def test_reject_t_tag(self):
         field = etree.Element('t', {'t-field': u'company.name'})
 
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(QWebException, r'^t-field can not be used on a t element'):
-            self.engine.render(field, {'company': None})
+            self.engine._render(field, {'company': None})
 
     def test_render_t_options(self):
         view1 = self.env['ir.ui.view'].create({
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class TestQWebTField(TransactionCase):
                 <t t-name="base.dummy"><root><span t-esc="5" t-options="{'widget': 'char'}" t-options-widget="'float'" t-options-precision="4"/></root></t>
             """
         })
-        text = etree.fromstring(view1.render()).find('span').text
+        text = etree.fromstring(view1._render()).find('span').text
         self.assertEqual(text, u'5.0000')
 
     def test_xss_breakout(self):
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ class TestQWebTField(TransactionCase):
                 </t>
             """
         })
-        rendered = view.render({'malicious': '1</script><script>alert("pwned")</script><script>'}).decode()
+        rendered = view._render({'malicious': '1</script><script>alert("pwned")</script><script>'}).decode()
         self.assertIn('alert', rendered, "%r doesn't seem to be rendered" % rendered)
         doc = etree.fromstring(rendered)
         self.assertEqual(len(doc.xpath('//script')), 1)
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
             """ % expected_result
         })
 
-        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1.render()), etree.fromstring(expected_result))
+        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1._render()), etree.fromstring(expected_result))
 
     def test_render_static_xml_with_namespace_2(self):
         """ Test the rendering on a namespaced view with no static content. The resulting string should be untouched.
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
             """ % expected_result
         })
 
-        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1.render()), etree.fromstring(expected_result))
+        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1._render()), etree.fromstring(expected_result))
 
     def test_render_static_xml_with_useless_distributed_namespace(self):
         """ Test that redundant namespaces are stripped upon rendering.
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
             </root>
         """)
 
-        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1.render()), expected_result)
+        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1._render()), expected_result)
 
     def test_render_static_xml_with_namespace_3(self):
         expected_result = u"""
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
             """ % expected_result
         })
 
-        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1.render()), etree.fromstring(expected_result))
+        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1._render()), etree.fromstring(expected_result))
 
     def test_render_dynamic_xml_with_namespace_t_esc(self):
         """ Test that rendering a template containing a node having both an ns declaration and a t-esc attribute correctly
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
 
         expected_result = etree.fromstring(u"""<Invoice xmlns:cac="urn:oasis:names:specification:ubl:schema:xsd:CommonAggregateComponents-2">test</Invoice>""")
 
-        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1.render()), expected_result)
+        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1._render()), expected_result)
 
     def test_render_dynamic_xml_with_namespace_t_esc_with_useless_distributed_namespace(self):
         """ Test that rendering a template containing a node having both an ns declaration and a t-esc attribute correctly
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
             </Invoice>
         """)
 
-        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1.render()), expected_result)
+        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1._render()), expected_result)
 
     def test_render_dynamic_xml_with_namespace_t_attf(self):
         """ Test that rendering a template containing a node having both an ns declaration and a t-attf attribute correctly
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
             </root>
         """)
 
-        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1.render()), expected_result)
+        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1._render()), expected_result)
 
     def test_render_dynamic_xml_with_namespace_t_attf_with_useless_distributed_namespace(self):
         """ Test that rendering a template containing a node having both an ns declaration and a t-attf attribute correctly
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
 
         """)
 
-        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1.render()), expected_result)
+        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1._render()), expected_result)
 
     def test_render_dynamic_xml_with_namespace_2(self):
         view1 = self.env['ir.ui.view'].create({
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
             </Invoice>
         """)
 
-        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1.render({'version_id': 1.0})), expected_result)
+        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1._render({'version_id': 1.0})), expected_result)
 
     def test_render_static_xml_with_namespaced_attributes(self):
         view1 = self.env['ir.ui.view'].create({
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
 
         expected_result = etree.fromstring(u"""<cfdi:Comprobante xmlns:cfdi="http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3 http://www.sat.gob.mx/sitio_internet/cfd/3/cfdv32.xsd">abc</cfdi:Comprobante>""")
 
-        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1.render()), expected_result)
+        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1._render()), expected_result)
 
     def test_render_dynamic_xml_with_namespaced_attributes(self):
         view1 = self.env['ir.ui.view'].create({
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
 
         expected_result = etree.fromstring("""<cfdi:Comprobante xmlns:cfdi="http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.sat.gob.mx/cfd/3 http://www.sat.gob.mx/sitio_internet/cfd/3/cfdv32.xsd">abc</cfdi:Comprobante>""")
 
-        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1.render()), expected_result)
+        self.assertEqual(etree.fromstring(view1._render()), expected_result)
 
     def test_render_static_xml_with_t_call(self):
         view1 = self.env['ir.ui.view'].create({
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
             """
         })
 
-        result = view2.render()
+        result = view2._render()
         result_etree = etree.fromstring(result)
 
         # check that the root tag has all its xmlns
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
         """)
 
         self.assertEqual(
-            etree.fromstring(view1.with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id]).render()),
+            etree.fromstring(view1.with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id])._render()),
             expected_result
         )
 
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
             error_msg = e.args[0]
 
         with self.assertRaises(QWebException, msg=error_msg):
-            view1.render()
+            view1._render()
 
     def test_render_t_call_propagates_t_lang(self):
         current_lang = 'en_US'
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@ class TestQWebNS(TransactionCase):
             """ % other_lang
         })
 
-        rendered = view2.with_context(lang=current_lang).render().strip()
+        rendered = view2.with_context(lang=current_lang)._render().strip()
         self.assertEqual(rendered, b'9/000/000*00')
 
 
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ class TestQWeb(TransactionCase):
 
             result = doc.find('result[@id="{}"]'.format(template)).text
             self.assertEqual(
-                qweb.render(template, values=params, load=loader).strip(),
+                qweb._render(template, values=params, load=loader).strip(),
                 (result or u'').strip().encode('utf-8'),
                 template
             )
@@ -646,7 +646,7 @@ class TestPageSplit(TransactionCase):
             </t>
             '''
         })
-        rendered = html.fromstring(self.env['ir.qweb'].render(t.id))
+        rendered = html.fromstring(self.env['ir.qweb']._render(t.id))
         ref = E.div(
             E.table(E.tr()),
             E.div({'style': 'page-break-after: always'}),
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ class TestPageSplit(TransactionCase):
             </t>
             '''
         })
-        rendered = html.fromstring(self.env['ir.qweb'].render(t.id))
+        rendered = html.fromstring(self.env['ir.qweb']._render(t.id))
         self.assertTreesEqual(
             rendered,
             E.div(
@@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ class TestPageSplit(TransactionCase):
             </t>
             '''
         })
-        rendered = html.fromstring(self.env['ir.qweb'].render(t.id))
+        rendered = html.fromstring(self.env['ir.qweb']._render(t.id))
         self.assertTreesEqual(
             rendered,
             E.div(E.table(E.tr(), E.tr(), E.tr()))
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_reports.py b/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_reports.py
index bcbdb9bae0d..3ba9a669df6 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_reports.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_reports.py
@@ -28,6 +28,6 @@ class TestReports(odoo.tests.TransactionCase):
                     report_records = report_records[:1]
 
                 # Test report generation
-                report.render_qweb_html(report_records.ids)
+                report._render_qweb_html(report_records.ids)
             else:
                 continue
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_views.py b/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_views.py
index 02ac6af18c2..27a465b713a 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_views.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/tests/test_views.py
@@ -2855,8 +2855,8 @@ class TestQWebRender(ViewCase):
         })
 
         # render view and child view with an id
-        content1 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id]).render(view1.id)
-        content2 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id]).render(view2.id)
+        content1 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id])._render(view1.id)
+        content2 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id])._render(view2.id)
 
         self.assertEqual(content1, content2)
 
@@ -2866,14 +2866,14 @@ class TestQWebRender(ViewCase):
         self.env.cr.execute("INSERT INTO ir_model_data(name, model, res_id, module)"
                             "VALUES ('dummy_ext', 'ir.ui.view', %s, 'base')" % view2.id)
 
-        content1 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id]).render('base.dummy')
-        content2 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id]).render('base.dummy_ext')
+        content1 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id])._render('base.dummy')
+        content2 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id])._render('base.dummy_ext')
 
         self.assertEqual(content1, content2)
 
         # render view and primary extension with an id
-        content1 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id, view3.id]).render(view1.id)
-        content3 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id, view3.id]).render(view3.id)
+        content1 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id, view3.id])._render(view1.id)
+        content3 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id, view3.id])._render(view3.id)
 
         self.assertNotEqual(content1, content3)
 
@@ -2881,8 +2881,8 @@ class TestQWebRender(ViewCase):
         self.env.cr.execute("INSERT INTO ir_model_data(name, model, res_id, module)"
                             "VALUES ('dummy_primary_ext', 'ir.ui.view', %s, 'base')" % view3.id)
 
-        content1 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id, view3.id]).render('base.dummy')
-        content3 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id, view3.id]).render('base.dummy_primary_ext')
+        content1 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id, view3.id])._render('base.dummy')
+        content3 = self.env['ir.qweb'].with_context(check_view_ids=[view1.id, view2.id, view3.id])._render('base.dummy_primary_ext')
 
         self.assertNotEqual(content1, content3)
 
diff --git a/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_document_layout.py b/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_document_layout.py
index d380c1c49a6..5232acb7f06 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_document_layout.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/base/wizard/base_document_layout.py
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class BaseDocumentLayout(models.TransientModel):
         for wizard in self:
             if wizard.report_layout_id:
                 ir_qweb = wizard.env['ir.qweb']
-                wizard.preview = ir_qweb.render('base.layout_preview', {'company': wizard})
+                wizard.preview = ir_qweb._render('base.layout_preview', {'company': wizard})
             else:
                 wizard.preview = False
 
diff --git a/odoo/addons/test_assetsbundle/controllers/main.py b/odoo/addons/test_assetsbundle/controllers/main.py
index 4af6ed14b8e..f6da2ab929b 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/test_assetsbundle/controllers/main.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/test_assetsbundle/controllers/main.py
@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ class TestAssetsBundleController(Controller):
         env = request.env(user=SUPERUSER_ID)
         bundle = env.ref('test_assetsbundle.bundle1')
         views = env['ir.ui.view'].search([('inherit_id', '=', bundle.id)])
-        return views.with_context(check_view_ids=views.ids).render_template('test_assetsbundle.template1')
+        return views.with_context(check_view_ids=views.ids)._render_template('test_assetsbundle.template1')
diff --git a/odoo/addons/test_assetsbundle/tests/test_assetsbundle.py b/odoo/addons/test_assetsbundle/tests/test_assetsbundle.py
index c38245eb19e..7399983af55 100644
--- a/odoo/addons/test_assetsbundle/tests/test_assetsbundle.py
+++ b/odoo/addons/test_assetsbundle/tests/test_assetsbundle.py
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ class TestJavascriptAssetsBundle(FileTouchable):
         self.assertEqual(len(css_bundle), 1)
 
     def test_20_exteral_lib_assets(self):
-        html = self.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template('test_assetsbundle.template2')
+        html = self.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template('test_assetsbundle.template2')
         attachments = self.env['ir.attachment'].search([('url', '=like', '/web/content/%-%/test_assetsbundle.bundle4.%')])
         self.assertEqual(len(attachments), 2)
         self.assertEqual(html.strip(), ("""<!DOCTYPE html>
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ class TestJavascriptAssetsBundle(FileTouchable):
 </html>""" % {"js": attachments[0].url, "css": attachments[1].url}).encode('utf8'))
 
     def test_21_exteral_lib_assets_debug_mode(self):
-        html = self.env['ir.ui.view'].render_template('test_assetsbundle.template2', {"debug": "assets"})
+        html = self.env['ir.ui.view']._render_template('test_assetsbundle.template2', {"debug": "assets"})
         attachments = self.env['ir.attachment'].search([('url', '=like', '/web/content/%-%/test_assetsbundle.bundle4.%')])
         self.assertEqual(len(attachments), 0)
         self.assertEqual(html.strip(), ("""<!DOCTYPE html>
diff --git a/odoo/http.py b/odoo/http.py
index 90eeeaa165e..1a494be1fa3 100644
--- a/odoo/http.py
+++ b/odoo/http.py
@@ -1219,7 +1219,7 @@ class Response(werkzeug.wrappers.Response):
         """
         env = request.env(user=self.uid or request.uid or odoo.SUPERUSER_ID)
         self.qcontext['request'] = request
-        return env["ir.ui.view"].render_template(self.template, self.qcontext)
+        return env["ir.ui.view"]._render_template(self.template, self.qcontext)
 
     def flatten(self):
         """ Forces the rendering of the response's template, sets the result
diff --git a/odoo/tools/test_reports.py b/odoo/tools/test_reports.py
index cc32313fa04..2ee6d16ae95 100644
--- a/odoo/tools/test_reports.py
+++ b/odoo/tools/test_reports.py
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def try_report(cr, uid, rname, ids, data=None, context=None, our_module=None, re
     if not report_id:
         raise Exception("Required report does not exist: %s" % rname)
 
-    res_data, res_format = report_id.render(ids, data=data)
+    res_data, res_format = report_id._render(ids, data=data)
 
     if not res_data:
         raise ValueError("Report %s produced an empty result!" % rname)